Symposium

Modes of Compression: Aesthetics, Operations, Formats

Organized by Ruth Ezra, Ella Klik, Anna-Maria Meister, and Anna Luise Schubert

Diagonal 'compression crease' demonstrating the failure of a fibrous material in compression. J.E. Gordon, Structures: Or Why Things Don't Fall Down (London: Penguin, 1978), p. 276, fig. 3b.

Like the bellows of an accordion, many human-made objects are designed to compress: to respond to external conditions through a series of contractions and expansions. Though the term COMPRESSION is most often used today to theorize digital operations (e.g. formats, algorithms, codecs, bitrates), its historical, material, and aesthetic dimensions stretch far wider, encompassing cylinder seals, lithography stones, collection inventories, and elided narratives of architectural reliefs. This interdisciplinary symposium aims to explore these and other precursors in dialogue with contemporary conceptions of summarization, abstracting, code, and storage. We consider compression both as a technical procedure and as a mode through which aesthetic meaning takes shape amid constraints — whether material, ecological or economic. Paper topics span temporalities, localities, and media, from medieval pyxides to film stock, nineteenth-century books to DNA bunnies, hand knitting to mass production. As we convene in the city of schiacciata, special attention will be paid to the squashed techniques of Florentine sculptors and to pietra paesina quarried from the Arno riverbed.

To participate online via Zoom on May 12, please join here.
To participate online via Zoom on May 13, please register here.

Program

Tuesday, 12 May (I Tatti)

Villa I Tatti, Via di Vincigliata 22, Florence

10:30 – Coffee

10:45 – Introduction
Ruth Ezra, I Tatti / University of St Andrews

11:00am
1: Two-And-A-Half Dimensions
Chair: Baptiste Tochon-Danguy, I Tatti

Nicole Pulichene, Hood College
Premodern Pyxides and the Dogged Pursuit of Ivory

Christopher S. Wood, NYU
Epitome of a Journey

Alina Payne, I Tatti
Plane and Simple: Architecture and the Seduction of Relief

Discussion

Buffet Lunch

2:30pm 
2: Spooling
Chair: Steven Lauritano, I Tatti, Leiden University

Kirsty Sinclair Dootson, University College London
The Film Print: Compression and Reversal

Michael Faciejew, Dalhousie University
Microfilm and Machine \ Learning in the Postcolonized World

Discussion

4:00pm 
Interlude: Expansion

Samir Boumediene, CNRS
Expansion: A Thermodynamic Counterpoint

Tea

4:45pm 
3: Threads
Chair: Paul Galvez, I Tatti

Anna Olszewska, AGH University of Kraków
Laced Memory: Data Compression as Textile

Ella Klik, Bar-Ilan University
DNA Bunnies: Volume | Density | Plentitude

Discussion

Aperitivi

Wednesday, 13 May (KHI)

Palazzo Grifoni Budini Gattai, Via dei Servi 51, Florence

9:30 – Coffee

9:45 – Introduction
Anna-Maria Meister, KHI Florenz / KIT Karlsruhe

10:00am
4: Fluidity and Force
Chair: Bianca de Divitiis, KHI Florenz / Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II

Frank Fehrenbach, Universität Hamburg
Under Pressure: Bodies and Liquids, c. 1290 – 1650

Marika Knowles, University of St Andrews
Water Pressure: Intaglio Printmaking and Painting on pietra paesina in Florence ca. 1600

Discussion

Coffee

11:45am 
5: Criticism and Canon
Chair: Anna-Maria Meister, KHI Florenz / KIT Karlsruhe

Jeremy Melius, University of York
Erosion and Compression in Ruskin's Santa Croce

Malika Maskarenic, Universität Bern
Canon as Compression

Discussion

Vegan Lunch at Casa Zuccari (Via Giuseppe Giusti, 49)

2:30pm 
6: Models 
Chair: Anna Luise Schubert, KHI Florenz

María Matilde Morales, I Tatti / Harvard University
Boccaccio's Summaries: Narratological Compression, Comprehension, and Comparison

Carlos Spoerhase, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
Compressing "Capital", Volume 1: Modes of Abridging Marxism

Discussion

Marek Jancovic, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Response | AV1 TOOK EVERYTHING FROM ME

Break

5:00pm
It's a Match! Jens Schröter and Rosa Menkman on Compression Artifacts
Introduced by Lise Meitner Group "Coded Objects", KHI Florenz

Discussion

 

With support from Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies; Lise Meitner Group "Coded Objects," Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz - Max-Planck-Institut; Association for Art History; School of Art History, University of St Andrews; Henry Moore Foundation; and the STAIRS Nascent Partnership Fund.

Location and Access

On 12 May, this event will be hybrid and take place in person at Villa I Tatti, Via di Vincigliata 22, Firenze. To participate online via Zoom, please join here.

On 13 May, this event will be hybrid and will take place in person at Palazzo Grifoni in Via dei Servi 51, Firenze. The building can be entered about half an hour before the event. Ring the bell at “Photothek” if the door is not open yet. The event space is located on the first floor, reachable with 3 steps of stairs at the entrance and a large stairway or elevator (with limitations for wheelchair users). The location can be accessed with a wheelchair via an alternative entrance from Piazza della Santissima Annunziata, but advance request is necessary. During the presentations, automated captioning through Zoom will be available. If you have any access needs, e.g. verbal descriptions or alternative seating, please let us know in advance via info@khi.fi.it, and we will try to accommodate those. To participate online via Zoom on May 13, please register here.

12. – 13. Mai 2026

Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz - Max-Planck-Institut
Via dei Servi 51
50122 Firenze

Villa I Tatti
Via di Vincigliata 22 
50135 Florence

To attend the talk in person no registration is necessary.
To participate online via Zoom on May 12, please join here.
To participate online via Zoom on May 13, please register here.

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